Un vez más gracias a la invitación de mi querida amiga Alcira de "Yvytú Pyahu" (Vientos Nuevos, quienes anteriormente me invitaron a conocer a la comunidad Ypeti-Tajy de Caazapá), he podido participar de una ceremonia de fuertes y milenarias raíces guaraníes: el Mitâ Karaí. Esta ceremonia denominada Mitâ Karaí o Ñemongaraí es una de las ceremonias más importantes para los Avá Guarani, sirve para la propiciación (apartar la ira mediante un acto justo) de los frutos del kaaguy y los productos del trabajo del campo. En este ritual es donde se hace la imposición del nombre de los niños, o bien la renovación del nombre de los mayores quienes se olvidaron del suyo o sus padrinos fallecieron, o también la imposición a los que aún no tienen nombres. Para ello, nos trasladamos a una pequeña comunidad Avá Guaraní, denominada "Tekoha Yvaviju", localizada en el distrito de Jasy Kañy del departamento de Kanindejú (Canindeyú). Una comunidad de gente noble y sacrificada, de niños hermosos e inocentes, una comunidad que no dispone de luz eléctrica ni agua potable, pero aún así lleva a cabo la titánica tarea de mantener y perpetuar sus tradiciones, para nunca olvidar sus raíces. Llegamos el sábado 19 de Febrero y los muchachos de Yvytú Pyahu volvieron a viajar ese mismo día para trasladar a los abuelos, hombres, mujeres y niños de otras comunidades distantes, de manera a que puedan participar de este ritual que se realizaría en la madrugada del lunes 21. Bienvenidos a la ceremonia del Mitâ Karaí. | Once more thanks to the invitation of my dear friend Alcira of "Yvytú Pyahu (an organization called New Winds, who had previously invited me to meet the Ypeti-Tajy community of Caazapá), I have been involved in a strong and ancient ceremony of Guarani roots: the Mitâ Karaí. This ceremony called Mitâ Karaí or Ñemongaraí is one of the most important ceremonies for the Ava Guarani, used for the propitiation (put away the wrath by an act of right) of the fruits of kaaguy and work products of the field. This ritual is where they do the imposition of the name of children, or the renewal of the names of the olders who they had forgotten, or their fathers-in-law died, or even the imposition on those who still have no names. To meet this ceremony, we travelled to a small community Ava Guarani, called "Tekoha Yvaviju", located in the district of Jasy Kañy in Kanindejú (Canindeyú) department (state). A community of noble and hard-worker people, beautiful and innocent children, a community that has no electricity or running water, but still performed the Herculean task to maintain and perpetuate their traditions, and never forgetting their roots. We arrived on Saturday February 19 and boys of Yvytú Pyahu travel again that day to bring there the grandparents (the elders), men, women and children from remote communities so they can participate in this ritual to be held at dawn of the Monday 21th. Welcome to Mita Karaí ceremony. |
Necklace made of coconut seeds and feathers of various birds. Belong to Catalina, wife of Tamöi (shaman) and Chief of the community, Francisco.
Part of the altar which stands in the open, composed of a wire rope of Inimbo mandyju (cotton thread) in which are hung as ornaments "Jeguaka Poty" made of Inimbo Mandyju, pins of Avatî Para'i, Avatî Morotí , Avatî Pytá, and flower with seeds of Urucu.
One of the mother stir the rice cooked in the pot for the stew of the karu guasú that the whole community will have to lunch.
12:15 - The Tamöi Francisco (also Chief), starts the Jeroky Ñembo'e. Behind him lie the women, and one of them is their Takuapu Ja, while the left lies his Yvyra'ija.
Women are the guardians that carry the Takuapú (thunderous bamboo), and the sound of those bamboo are imitating Ñande Sy (Our Mother) and reproduce the Hyapu Guasyva or Hyapu Guasu (big thunder) that are listen from the East, especially in late January and February, which is equal to the rumbling that comes with the blows to the land with Takua, his pace stick.
One woman holds her baby with one arm while running hit with the Takuapú. It shows a great strength because these Jeroky last about 45 mins. or an hour, in the days before the Mita Karaí are more consistent (morning, afternoon, evening and late night) and have minimal pauses about an half or an hour.
Since young, women are inculcated with the ancestral tradition of Jeroky and Mitâ Karaí. They are the guardians and the most important sector of the community. While men in making decisions can make a lot of laps on the same theme, women are more quick and direct.
The child in the arms of his mother looks at me intently, without understanding much about what happens, but already accustomed to the gripping sound and cadence of the bamboo, accompanied by the gentle and mesmerizing singing of women.
A girl holds her sister to rest quietly, while the mother runs the Takuapú. This Jeroky of 40 minutes approximately is over.
One of the elders of the community keeps its Takuapú in takuapú render.
Catalina, wife of Tamöi Francisco, awaiting the lunch with some of the women of the community and their children.
Community children smiled and waited for lunch time. Many of them participate in the Karaí Mita, beginning only in the early hours of Monday.
The Tamöi Francisco rests a few minutes looking at the shrine that is located indoors in the O'guasu (also called "Opy Jerokyha").
|
The hands of the Tamöi kept wisdom, keep history, keep secrets and keep experience, noble as one who has traveled trails and offered their expertise to the community. While gnarled trees undress years, the hands and wrinkles of Francisco denote the same thought.
Diana, one of the girls from the village to participate in the Karaí Mita, resting on the floor next to his sister.
13:36 - The Tamöi Francisco and Catalina begin again with the "Jeroky Ñembo'e". This worship is performed for about two months before, the first month dance to the morning sunrise and evening at the start of it with his Takuapu Ja and his Yvyra'ija or others who want to participate from the community; the second month and do so daily Jeroky followed with minimal rest intervals (they make Jeroky the early morning, noon and night fell all night they do continuously). The previous two days usually serves to bring more people participating from other "tekohas" who often accompanied his Tamöis Ñanderu and bring their childs for the Karaí Mita.
Other women of the village join the Jeroky, while Francisco sets the pace with its Mbaraka Mirí (rattle) and his wife Catalina does the same, thus becoming its Takuapu Já.
One of the grandmothers of the community runs her Takuapú during the Jeroky Ñembo'e.
Part of the altar consists of several elements important to Guarani, which is located under the roof rail on one side of the O'guasu, always towards the sunrise.
The incessant sound of Takuapú stamping can be felt hundreds of yards away. The women sing a melody that captivates, transporting, and their rate of singing is marked by a special sound of the Tamöi's Mbaraka performed by him occasionally. That Saturday I hear for hours the melodies and the rumbling of thundering Bamboos.
The women of the community continue with his singing, while Yvytú Pyahu boys came from distant places, bringing people from other communities who were here to participate in the Mitâ Karaí.
15:38 - Members of the community Ava Guarani from Jukyry-Fortuna, Curuguaty district which is located approximately 70 km Yvaviju, came to there. The Tamöi of that community quickly takes his group to the Sanctuary which is outside the O'guasu to introduce themselves and ask permission and be part of the celebration, while the Tamoio Francisco continue the Jeroky with their community under the O'guasu.
The Tamöi with his Mbaraká Mirí greets the outdoor sanctuary. This second altar is placed outside the O'guasu in the north-south direction at a certain distance of the first altar that is, allowing for space to perform some dances out in the open called Tangarâ (dance that imitates the fighting of war between good and evil). It does by placing three main pillars of wood imitating Popytataendy (poles carrying the divine flame). This altar is also used for other participants who come from other tekohas to the Mita Karaí, and them they make the ritual of arrival of Jerojy (supplication to present their good wishes, intentions and good heart), to participate in the Mita Karaí or any Aty of the community that they are arriving.
The O'guasu is the sacred place where one should stay barefoot and in constant contact with Mother Earth, women can just wear skirts below that ceiling. The Tamöi Francisco is completing his Jeroky of the noon to greet visitors from all the communities that they came: Kaavy Poty Kamba (from Jasy Kañy approximately at 50 km.) Y'akâ Ju (from Curuguaty at 45 km), Yapy Santa Cecilia (from Yryvu Kua, Department of San Pedro at 80 km), Nueva Esperanza (Curuguaty at 75 km.) Caninde (Kany Jasy at 18 km) and Akaraymi (department of Alto Paraná 350 km distant).
20:07 - The Night falls hard by flooding the community with his blackness. The lack of electricity (despite being a community with legal issues, which requires ANDE to provide their free service by law) makes the sacred fire of the O'guasu and the full moon, the only sources of light. But the Jeroky has to continue.
21:35 - A group of children get themselves around a small fire that was kindled in the courtyard in front of the O'guasú
01:18 - With a full moon that allowed a taste of darkness, the Jeroky Ñembo'e continued and many men of the community accompanied watching with a campfire. The dancing and singing would be extended until about 04:00. At this time the voices most often heard were those of children, and all the seven Tamöis (from all Tekoha) together participated in a Jeroky that I could never forget. Finally when the songs and the Takuapu where off, I left myself be taken by the sleep.
7:02 - Sunday, new day, same spirit. A girl looks out from the Takuapú while his mother participates in the Jeroky.
Amancio smiles while taking tereré. In communities is common to find a young woman who sometimes performs the function of "public relations" between the community and karaí (white men), then, can give more direct and attuned to two different cultures.
09:28 - The Jeroky in the morning was in full swing. The Tamöi: Nicanor, from Caninde, Ernesto from Yapy-Santa Cecilia and the one from Ju Y'akâ, where shaking with enthusiasm theirs Mbarakâ Mirí. When they stop their pace, the principal Tamöi of that Jeroky speech addressing to the sanctuary and the other Tamöis, or Yvyra'ija, a moment called Kotyú. The Tamöis are as mediators between the gods and are forced to remember the good customs of the Ava Guarani culture and left to them by Ñanderuvusú, he taught and remembered how the Ava should conduct themselves in life and became the transmitter-giver of cultural examples carrying by our First Parents-Grandparents.
A girl looks at me seriously while her mom talks to Monica, of the Org. Sunu.
Some children come curiously at the photographer's camera Luis Vera, while was filming the Jeroky in O'guasú.
Two kids see me on the tree as I was taking pictures and also come to share to me their smiles.
10:12 - After the Jeroky, the Tamöi Francisco and his wife Catalina talk to another Tamöi in a pleasant tereré round.
Explaining further about the previous trip outside the shrine where are the sacred places where offerings are made to Ñanderuvusú (our big Father) and serves to pay a passing tribute to the other members of Ava religion, who are Ñande Ru Mba'Ekua (Our Father Wise), and those created by Ñanderuvusú: Tupa, "The Lord of the clouds, rain, hail, streams, rivers, seas, storms and winds" and Ñande Guasu Sy (Our Great Mother) also called "Hyapu Guasuva" (which produces the loud thunder is heard to the east). Timbo's Bird carvings, Guyrapâ (Arco) and ju'y (arrows), also form part of the tributes which are located in the sanctuary.
It also put up in the sanctuary, ears of corn of different varieties for the Avatí ikaraíhaguâ (Bless the corn), which will be used to re-do again Kagüîjy (Sacred Beverage).
In a parallel but inward from O'guasu is placed as a crossbar or goal, the Takuapu Renda (place of Thunderstrike Bamboo) which are the sound instruments used by female to call Ñanderuvusú to not abandon the Mother Earth their children (all are located in a north-south position). The altars, both inside and outside are placed in position that Kuarahy (Sun) will purify on their step.
In the sanctuary are also hung, Mbaraka Mirî, which are made from a fruit called Hyaku (gourd or fruit of a vine type of ysypo), which will put a handle takuara and in dry seeds with stones to produce sound like a rattlesnake rattle (Mboi Chini). For each Tamöi there is a Mbaraka Mirî but their sound should have a correspondence with the owner sound like the Takuapú Ja of women, if there at that time, one can't make his Jeroky because wouldn't find their "own energy in correspondence and agreement" and it does attract the danger of lead to some "Añay".
The Yvyra Ña'e (sacred wood pot) made with wood of Ygary (cedar) into which is placed Kagüîjy (the sacred drink made with Maize or Chicha). Containing water that will "purify" those who make Mitâ Karaí. In this sanctuary also performed the ritual of farewell, Jerojy (Rogation of thanks and orders) of good guata (walk to return to their homes each).
On the day Sunday, hours before Mitâ Karaí, the outdoor sanctuary was decorated with tree branches "Laurel Hu" next to each of the beams are placed and Ju'y and Guyrapâ, from the post that is placed at the center lies an small tree of Ygary (cedar), in one of the side posts of a corn plant and the other a branch of the Cassava plant, all offering coming from the land of the Ava Guarani.
With the lack of electricity and running water, this is compounded by the lack of toys, but for the children of the community that doesn't mean they do not know of toys handcrafted by themselves and whose construction they were bequeathed. This child walks quickly having in the hand thorn which has nailed a leaf cut in a special way, producing a propeller effect. An aerodynamic toy, wind-powered.
Two children from communities located in different cities, but they met here in Yvavyjú, instead play with the Ñevanga Ju'y Avati, which is made with dry stump of an Maize and adding feathers at one end.
18:51 - One of the children launches his Avati Ju'y Ñevanga on the air, and it will fall vertically. The game may seem simple, it basically is. Meanwhile in the background, the incessant sound of Takuapú and Mbaraká, accompanied by sweet female vocals, music that will sound continuously until the time where starts the Mitâ Karaí at 02:30 AM on Monday.
20:57 - The singing is increased, and never stops. The night had already beaten the horizon stripping the last rays of the sun, the moon offered a glimmer of darkness and O'guasú was lit by a candle bait. More members of all communities were added to Jeroky, started on the fun and celebration.
21:15 - While the Jeroky in the O'guasú invited to dance and sing, to girls, women, men, elderly, children and white; Antonio (brother of Alcira) and I were preparing our dinner, and what better to hold the pot a Manfrotto tripod.
02:53 - About 3 am, Ernesto was located near the fire in the O'Guasú among other people. The music grows in intensity and becomes more vocal now. Elders accompany their group with singing. The Tamöi enter in a trance where he pull the demons away from the community. Mitâ Karaí will start.
The Tamöi Francisco pray in front of the shrine and to its left lies the Tamöi Nicanor, who that night would be his Yvyra'ija (Disciple-helper of the Tamöi) and hold the Yvyra Na'e throughout the ceremony.
03:04 - The Tamoio Francisco baptizes one of the children of the community, while the mother and also godmother bait holding the candle.
Males are in line running their Mbaraká while Tamöi strolls among the women who hold their children or godchildren to be baptized. Unforgettable moment for me, with only candles and the moon provided enough light for this image.
Women who have the baptized children are outside the O'Guasú. The others Tamöi helps at the ceremony with directions.
The Tamöi Francisco baptizes a child and imposes its new name in Ava Guarani, which also says it to the godmather, to be remembered. Other girls also await their time to be baptized.
The Tamöi Francisco now continues with the ceremony outside the O'Guasú where Karaí (white) elected as godfathers o godmothers by the children themselves, are the ones who will become its guardians and children will be baptized with their new name.
03:35 - There comes the time when the Tamöi Francisco baptizes the Karaí, and in this case imposes its name to Alcira: Kuña Yvoty (woman beauty as a flower). In the picture below is the turn of Laurel (daughter of Ernesto) and Winnie (foreign girl who accompanied the Org. Sunu).
03:47 - The Tamoio eventually baptizes Ava Guarani youth and adults whose names have been forgotten or have never been imposed.
04:08 - The Mbarak begin to cease, the song begins to fade, the sun's rays at a more indicate the start of Monday. The Tamöi Francisco and Nicanor his Yvyra'ija just like at the beginning of the ceremony, blessed the shrine and bids farewell Karaí Mita. The entire community gives the final Kagüîjy for everyone.
Como se fijaron no fue un posteo corto y agradezco que continúen leyendo hasta aquí, pero la cultura Guaraní de nuestra tierra no es simple ni escueta, como muchos seudo-críticos del Avá Guaraní sostienen. Sostienen que los guaraníes no trabajaban, sostienen que los guaraníes no nos legaron nada, que tenían pocos conocimientos a diferencia de sus contemporáneos de sudamérica. En realidad el poder de los Tamöi y la forma en que se perciben entre ellos es algo impresionante, y a nadie da el derecho de decir que no nos legaron conocimientos. El Tamöi Vicente de Acaraymí era el más poderoso y era de quien todos se sintieron felices y emocionados de verlo inclusive reconocerlo sin haberlo visto antes personalmente, y a eso llamo una fuerza extraña y poderosa. Sus vastos conocimientos en hierbas y medicina simbolizan legado y experiencia. El conocimiento de los Tamöi para llevar a cabo el Mitã Karaí que es una lucha entre el bien y el mal además de evocar a los hermanos Jasy y Kuarahy, coincide en una mañana donde el sol y la luna están presentes en el cielo, sin calendario o instrumentos de astronomía. Después de lo que presencié y viví, nadie puede decirme que los guaraníes no sabían y no nos legaron nada. Es sólo que nosotros los Karaí no supimos o no quisimos aprender e informarnos. PD: Muchas gracias a Carlos Rolón por haberme ayudado con el texto, ya que sin sus extensos conocimientos sobre la Cultura Guaraní no hubiese podido compartir todo esto con Uds. | As you see this was not a short posting and thank you keep reading this far, but Guaraní culture of our land is neither simple nor brief, as many pseudo-critics of the Ava Guaraní contend. They argue that the Guarani were not working, they argue that the Guarani not left us anything, they had little knowledge unlike his contemporaries in South America. In fact the power of Tamöi and how they perceive each other is amazing, no one gives the right to say that gave us knowledge. The Tamöi Vicente from Acaraymí was the most powerful and who was made everybody felt happy and excited to see, even they recognized him without seeing in person before, and that I call as a strange and powerful force. His vast knowledge of herbs and medicine symbolize heritage and experience. Knowledge of the Tamöis to carry out the Mitâ Karaí is a struggle between good and evil as well as evoking the Jasy and Kuarahy brothers, agreed on a morning where the sun and moon are present in the sky, with no timetable and astronomical instruments. After what I witnessed and lived, no one can tell me that the Guarani not know and not left us anything. It's just that we the Karaí did not know or did not want to learn and know. PS: Carlos Rolon thank you very much for helping me with the text, as without his extensive knowledge of Guaraní culture I wasn't been able to share this with you. |
Más imágenes (More pictures):
=====================================================
Para dejar comentarios en las fotografías si les gustan, les invito a visitar esta galería en Flickr!
(To leave comments on photos if you like, I invite you to visit this gallery on Flickr!)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/zenoura/sets/72157626097252443/
=====================================================
excelente
ResponderEliminarExcelente trabajo, y lo más importante, hecho desinteresadamente, movido por la pasión y no por el dinero.
ResponderEliminarHermoso, sublime, perfecto. Gracias por enseñarnos a ponderar y querer situaciones, personas, lugares que forman parte de lo que somos. Sos un maestro, un genio, como pocos en el mundo.
ResponderEliminarMis felicitaciones van desde el alma y el corazón!
Que hermosas fotografías!! ME encantan los tonos naranjas y madera de la mayoría de las fotos,genial.
ResponderEliminarNo puedo juzgar la calidad técnica de las fotografías, pero puedo decirte que hay miradas que me llegaron al alma, me hicieron llorar y despertar. Hay sonrisas que no podrían ser plasmadas de otra forma. Me conmovió la sinceridad de tus palabras y el interés verdadero. Te felicito por transmitir todo eso.
ResponderEliminarEs nuestro país, nuestra gente y parece un mundo tan lejano. gracias por enseñarnos un poco mas de esto que es NUESTRO. sos un capo
ResponderEliminarme entanto,algun dia me gustaria participar de una actividad asi y no pudieron haber elegido un mejor nombre para Alcira porque la verdad que es hermosa tqmm Maria Quintana
ResponderEliminarExcelente trabajo, que colores, qué contraste, que linda gente, cuánta admiración.
ResponderEliminarGracias por compartir tu maravilloso trabajo Zenoura. Felicitaciones.
Disfruté de cada una de las imágenes, me transportaron hasta ese lugar. No se si en mi vida hubiese tenido la oportunidad de ingresar hasta esta comunidad y participar del Mita Karai; pero gracias a tu trabajo estuve allí por un instante. Más que una riqueza y la expresión artística; es un legado que extendiste a cada uno de nosotros. Amo el Paraguay, estoy orgullosa de mis raices y valoro a su gente; estas imágenes son un regalo de gran valor! Me gustaría que se pueda producir un material impreso y audiovisual. FELICITACIONES Y GRACIAS!!!
ResponderEliminarExcelente. Gracias por perpetuar usos y costumbres ancestrales de nuestro país
ResponderEliminar